Medical FIDSAP v2 Practice Test

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• First-line treatment for status epilepticus in adults?
• Which statement best reflects the LDL-C target for very high-risk ASCVD patients?
• Night blindness is most commonly seen with deficiency of which vitamin?
• What is the normal resting heart rate range for adults?
• In stroke-related aphasia, which description distinguishes expressive from receptive aphasia?
• Wool-sorter's disease is caused by which organism?
• A 72 year old male with respiratory distress and a history of mining work presents with exertional dyspnea. What should you suspect?
• An elderly patient presents with extreme hyperglycemia (blood glucose 780 mg/dL) and dehydration. Which diagnosis is most likely?
• Which imaging option is the non-contrast choice for suspected appendicitis when contrast is contraindicated?
• Which finding is a hallmark of Cushing syndrome?
• A law enforcement assessment of a conscious patient shows heart rate 124, respiratory rate 22, glucose 58 mg/dL, and moist, cool skin. What should you suspect?
• In patients with hepatitis, why is there an increased risk of drug toxicity?
• What is first-line antibiotic for uncomplicated cystitis in nonpregnant women?
• Which finding is most characteristic of digoxin toxicity?
• Which upper respiratory sign best indicates involvement in anaphylaxis?
• In suspected gastroenteritis, which step is recommended?
• The APGAR score assesses five domains at 1 and 5 minutes after birth. Which of the following is one of those domains?
• A 58-year-old patient with fever and blood-tinged sputum for three weeks presents with bilateral rhonchi and dyspnea. What precaution should you take to protect yourself?
• In a patient with active hematemesis, which action is the most appropriate next step?
• A 23-year-old pregnant woman, stung by a bee with hives and difficulty breathing, hesitates to use an epinephrine auto-injector. What should you do?
• Which of the following is a principle of antibiotic stewardship?
• Which hormone is elevated in Cushings syndrome?
• In the management of status epilepticus, after benzodiazepines, which step is typically taken?
• A 32-year-old male is tachycardic, agitated and has dilated pupils. Which toxidrome is most likely?
• Which symptom is most characteristic of ulcerative colitis?
• In sickle cell disease, the severe joint and abdominal pain is primarily due to which pathophysiology?
• What medical condition is metformin often prescribed for?
• Which statement correctly describes apoptosis?
• After administering dextrose, which monitoring is most important to assess response?
• A 63-year-old female is dizzy and sees yellow halos while on digoxin and metoprolol with renal failure, and develops a second-degree AV block. What is the most likely cause of her symptoms?
• During a blood transfusion, a patient develops itching, hives, and shortness of breath; what should you do first?
• An unconscious patient on a patient-controlled analgesia pump with respiratory rate 7 and cyanotic extremities requires what immediate action?
• Which statement accurately describes systolic and diastolic pressures?
• A drug with a narrow therapeutic index requires which practice?
• A negative D-dimer test can effectively rule out pulmonary embolism in patients with which level of pretest probability?
• Define sensitivity and specificity and describe interpretation for a test with 90% sensitivity and 85% specificity.
• Gamma-carboxylation is required for which clotting factors?
• Which laboratory finding would support a diagnosis of hepatitis C?
• A 68-year-old male with heavy alcohol use is found with coffee-ground emesis and hypotension. Which initial management step is most appropriate?
• During a transfusion, a patient develops urticaria and bronchospasm. After stopping the transfusion, which medication should be administered?
• In a traumatic brain injury, unequal pupils result from pressure on which nerve?
• APGAR score is assessed at which time points after birth?
• A 62-year-old male with hypertension and kidney failure has weakness and palpitations; recent medication change; BGL 74 mg/dL. What should you suspect?
• APGAR stands for which five domains?
• Why is transport to hospital critical for sickle cell patients who are having a crisis?
• In the treatment of hypertension, beta-blockers primarily achieve their effect by blocking which receptors, leading to reduced heart rate, contractility, and renin release?
• Initial management in suspected meningitis when LP is contraindicated?
• A 50-year-old male with fatigue and ascites on exam is most likely to have which condition?
• An elderly patient with poor oral intake and several days of nausea and diarrhea is most likely to be experiencing which condition?
• A 73-year-old male with chest tightness unresponsive to three MDI doses; what is the next best step?
• What is the best initial screening test for suspected hyperthyroidism, typically performed with another test?
• Which statement correctly identifies Type 1 diabetes?
• Which symptom is most characteristic of postpartum depression?
• Which of the following correctly lists the three components of the Glasgow Coma Scale?
• A 34-year-old female has an open sore on her leg that worsens despite antibiotics. Which infection is most likely?
• Which presentation most strongly supports cholecystitis in a patient with right upper quadrant pain?
• Which drug class is commonly used as a second-line antiseizure medication after benzodiazepines in status epilepticus?
• Which vitamin is required for gamma-carboxylation of factors II, VII, IX, and X?
• What is the role of procalcitonin testing in guiding antibiotics?
• Which statement best represents the classic triad of diabetic ketoacidosis?
• Which combination of signs is most characteristic of severe hypothyroidism (myxedema)?
• Which liver enzyme is the most specific indicator of hepatocellular injury?
• A 45 year old female presents with pain localized to the right upper quadrant, nausea, vomiting, a low-grade fever and tachycardia. What is the most likely cause?
• Obesity class II corresponds to which BMI range?
• Which condition predisposes a patient to esophageal varices due to portal hypertension?
• In a patient with suspected upper GI bleed and shock, which initial management step is most appropriate?
• A patient with night sweats, weight loss, shortness of breath, and axillary nodules denies sputum. Which diagnosis is most likely?
• A 27-year-old male presents with abdominal pain and lies very still; any attempt to sit up increases pain. Which condition is most likely?
• A 26-year-old male is vomiting bright red blood. What is the most appropriate action?
• An elderly patient is given an antipsychotic for agitation and develops involuntary muscle activity. What is the most likely explanation?
• A 45-year-old woman presents with Kussmaul respirations, vomiting, abdominal pain, and warm flushed skin. Which acid-base disturbance is most likely?
• In suspected deep venous thrombosis, which test is typically used first to confirm the diagnosis?
• A 44-year-old woman has diffuse abdominal pain that comes and goes; what should you suspect?
• What term describes seizures lasting longer than five minutes or with no recovery between episodes?
• A 74-year-old female wound is red and swollen with neck stiffness and difficulty swallowing. Which condition should you suspect?
• Which buffer maintains acid-base chemistry in the blood?
• A 35-year-old athletic male experiences a stroke. The most likely contributing factor is:
• Most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in adults?
• Which is least likely to occur with an ischemic stroke?
• What are the primary survey steps in ACLS?
• A 34-year-old female with a history of hypothyroidism is unresponsive with facial swelling and cold skin. Which diagnosis is most likely?
• A patient presents with sudden-onset facial droop, leg weakness, and slurred speech. What is the most likely diagnosis and initial imaging?
• In a patient with diabetes and renal failure who experiences hypoglycemia, which factor most contributes to prolonged hypoglycemia?
• Which statement best describes the initial management priorities in anaphylaxis?
• During a transfusion reaction with urticaria, which medication is commonly given to treat the reaction?
• A 46 year old male has been exposed to beta radiation during a radiation test. Which of the following statements are true?
• Which risk factor is most strongly associated with the liver disease suspected in this patient?
• In a case where a minor reports his mother is agitated and holding pills, she is refusing treatment. What is the appropriate action?
• A 55-year-old man presents with crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm. Which initial diagnostic test is most appropriate?
• Which statement about suicide is correct?
• A 43-year-old woman with a history of hydrocortisone use is found unconscious with severe hypotension. What is the most likely immediate diagnosis?
• What is the preferred initial imaging modality for suspected gallstones?
• A 50-year-old man with fatigue, poor appetite, ascites, and jaundice has a history of heroin use. What is the most likely infectious cause of his liver disease?
• Which statement best describes the major bleeding risk in cirrhosis?
• In this patient, what is the most appropriate initial management step?
• To differentiate ulcerative colitis from Crohn disease, which finding is more typical of ulcerative colitis?
• Which sign pattern is most consistent with septic shock as described in the cases?
• Adrenal crisis can cause dangerous electrolyte disturbances. Which electrolyte abnormality is most commonly seen?
• A 32-year-old female reports sharp leg pain, weakness, burning sensations, and coordination issues. The most likely cause is:
• Which statement best differentiates Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes pathophysiology?
• For a conscious patient with suspected hypoglycemia, the immediate treatment is to give oral glucose.
• Which exposure history is most strongly associated with hantavirus infection?
• In acute ischemic stroke, MRI is most helpful in which circumstance?
• Intermittent crampy abdominal pain with constipation suggests which diagnosis?
• A patient with severe flank pain rates 9/10 asks for pain relief. Which medication is appropriate to administer first?
• An 18 year old male has localized urticaria on his legs after mowing the lawn. Vital signs are BP 146/84, P 92, and regular, R 16 unlabored. What should you do?
• In sickle cell crisis, which mechanism best explains the severe multi-site pain?
• How is D-dimer used in evaluating suspected pulmonary embolism?
• A 67-year-old diabetic who recently had a lower leg amputation is unresponsive with a dry, hot skin and a very high blood glucose. Which condition is most likely?
• Which diabetic emergency is suggested by marked hyperglycemia, dehydration, and altered mental status in a patient?
• A 48-year-old female with type II diabetes, renal failure, and CHF is unconscious. Her blood glucose is 45 mg/dL with focal seizures. Which treatment should be administered immediately?
• For febrile seizures in children, which management approach is recommended?
• In aplastic anemia, the reticulocyte count is typically?
• In an elderly patient with suspected sepsis, which skin finding is most likely observed early?
• Which electrolyte disturbance is typically seen with loop diuretics?
• In ACLS, what is the purpose of the Disability step?
• A 59-year-old female who missed her weekly renal dialysis appointment presents with BP 170/90, pulse 60, and respirations 24. Which condition should you suspect?
• Which finding distinguishes hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state from diabetic ketoacidosis?
• A 24-year-old man is intoxicated and unresponsive; his lips are blue and his skin is cold. What should you suspect?
• A 42-year-old male presents with weakness, nausea, muscle ache, pallor and a mild fever; hypotension; what should you suspect?
• A 32-year-old diver ascended 60 feet and has abdominal distension; what is the recommended action?
• Which insulin type has a typical duration of about 24 hours?
• A 38-year-old man found living in a basement becomes ill with fever and myalgias after exposure to mice. Which infection is most likely?
• What BMI range defines obesity class I?
• In a young patient with stroke symptoms, which factor is a plausible contributor?
• Which drug class is most associated with tachycardia, agitation, and dilated pupils?
• A 41-year-old female is unconscious with severe respiratory depression after ingesting a handful of an unknown pain killer. Which overdose should you suspect?
• A 29-year-old female has a tetanus shot just before graduation; what should you do?
• What is the spleen's role in immune defense?
• A 56-year-old man complains of diarrhea, nausea, and diffuse abdominal pain for 48 hours. Which diagnosis is most likely?
• An 82-year-old male on the floor with fever and productive cough has skin that is hot pink and dry. What should you suspect?
• A patient with newly diagnosed hypertension, rapid weight gain, and easy bruising is most likely to have which condition?
• Which statement best describes the hallmark of anaphylaxis and its immediate management?
• A 57-year-old male presents with bleeding per rectum. Which condition is most consistent with this presentation?
• Which therapeutic index characteristic increases risk of toxicity with dosing changes?
• Which statement accurately describes the onset and duration of rapid-acting versus long-acting insulin?
• An elderly patient with fever, nausea, and abdominal pain after several days of poor intake most likely has which diagnosis?
• Which statement best describes major bleeding risks in cirrhosis?
• The Direct Coombs (direct antiglobulin) test is used to diagnose which of the following?
• Which organism is most commonly associated with wound tetanus?
• Beta-blockers reduce renin release by blocking which receptors in the kidney?
• When is D-dimer most helpful in evaluating suspected DVT?
• In managing type 2 diabetes, what is the first-line pharmacologic agent and its primary mechanism?
• Which occupational history best supports chronic inhalation of irritants as a cause of respiratory distress?
• A patient with hyperkalemia presenting with ECG changes; what is the first-line membrane-stabilizing treatment?
• A diver with abdominal pain after ascent should be transported to which facility?
• Metformin is most commonly prescribed for which condition?
• In patients with cirrhosis, portal hypertension increases the risk of which bleeding complication?
• In a patient with significant alcohol intoxication, how can this affect head-injury assessment?
• Which of the following are common features of Cushing syndrome?
• A patient with a recently placed central venous catheter develops chest pain and dyspnea with hypotension. Which complication is most likely?
• Which medication is appropriate for mild localized urticaria without airway compromise?
• Which statement correctly distinguishes necrosis from apoptosis?
• A 22-year-old female collapsed with pinpoint pupils and withdrawal from painful stimulus. Vital signs show BP 190/126, pulse 60, respiration 36. Which condition do you suspect?
• Which of the following is true about Cushing syndrome?
• Elevated anion gap metabolic acidosis with normal lactate; list common etiologies (MUDPILES). Which of the following is a known cause?
• A 67-year-old male with bloody stool, nausea and emesis; hypotension; what should you administer?
• Ground-glass opacity on chest computed tomography most commonly indicates which finding?
• A conscious 70-year-old male with chills and productive cough for 3 days and dyspnea, vital signs show BP 130/60, P 110, R 26, SpO2 92%. What should you do?
• What is the pathophysiology behind using benzodiazepines in alcohol withdrawal?
• A positive Coombs test indicates which condition?
• A 70-year-old female unconscious in a skilled nursing facility is pale but hot to touch. What should you suspect?
• In suspected STEMI, which action should be prioritized?
• Which protective measure should you use when treating a patient with fever and respiratory symptoms to prevent exposure?
• A 44-year-old male is agitated and states that his friend is going to hurt you. What is the most appropriate initial action for the responder?
• Dysuria with discharge in a sexually active young man is most commonly due to which infection?
• Ascites is most commonly associated with dysfunction of which organ?
• A 29-year-old male experiences extremely painful urination with discharge for 2 days. Which infection should you suspect?
• Incidence refers to new cases per time period, while prevalence refers to what?
• A 47-year-old female is responsive to painful stimuli with snoring respirations and a glucose of 22 mg/dL. What is the most appropriate immediate action?
• Initial management steps for suspected hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state include which of the following as the first step?
• What is the mechanism of aspirin's antiplatelet effect?
• In a patient with suspected airborne infectious risk encountered in a shelter, which PPE combination provides proper protection?
• Which medication is beneficial for persistent hypotension after anaphylaxis?
• A non-healing leg infection after antibiotics raises suspicion for which organism?
• What drug class reduces mortality in systolic heart failure by blocking the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)?
• Which organ is primarily responsible for detoxification that affects drug toxicity in hepatitis?
• Lymphoma presenting with B symptoms often has which exam finding?
• In insulin therapy, which type provides basal coverage?
• Which compound acts as a major extracellular buffer to maintain blood pH?
• An agitated patient who had a brief seizure is confused with pale skin and moist; what is the most likely cause?
• A 26-year-old female complains of generalized weakness, fatigue, and muscle aches. She reports dark urine and dysuria. Vital signs show BP 108/60, P 60, R 20. What is the most likely diagnosis?
• A 27-year-old female complains of insomnia, irritability and feeling overwhelmed two months after giving birth. What should you suspect?
• What happens when a sufficient proportion of the population is immune?
• A 59-year-old male with a newly replaced central venous catheter develops chest pain, shortness of breath, cyanosis, tachycardia, and hypotension. What should you suspect?
• A 71-year-old female presents with dyspnea and wheezing of unknown origin. After treating the hypoxia, what is the next best step in management?
• An 88-year-old female presents with acute onset diplopia, slurred speech, difficulty swallowing, and unilateral facial drooping. What should you suspect?
• Which laboratory finding is most indicative of rhabdomyolysis?
• What is the LDL-C target for very high-risk ASCVD patients per current guidelines?
• What is a common cause of acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients?
• What is the preferred initial imaging modality for suspected appendicitis in adults when feasible?
• Which sign is more typical of viral conjunctivitis?
• Which term describes a seizure lasting longer than five minutes or seizures with no recovery between them?